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<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Fish farming is a most important food production sector in worldwide. Due to intensive fish farming practices, infectious disease pose a major threat in aquaculture system especially causing heavy losses to farmers. Various types of antibiotics, chemotherapeutic and vaccines are use to control or prevent fish diseases. The use of adjuvants or immunostimulants is good remedy to increase the vaccine efficacy to control of fish and shrimp diseases. Immunostimulants (IS) are naturally occurring compound that modulates the pathogens <em>via</em> facilitate the function of phagocytic cells and also stimulate the natural killer cells (NK), complement, lysozyme and antibody responses of fish.</span></p>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>M. Petchimuthu<sup>*</sup></strong></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>Dr. MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu (614 712), India</em></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>G. Ferolin Jessina</strong></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>Dr. MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu (614 712), India</em></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>D. Kaviarasu</strong></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>Dr. MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu (614 712), India</em> </span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>J. Rujan</strong></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>Dr. MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu (614 712), India</em></span></p>
How to cite
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Petchimuthu, M., Jessina, G.F., Kaviarasu, D., Rujan, J., 2023. Immunostimulants used in aquaculture. <em>Biotica Research Today </em>5(1), 17-19.</span></p>
Reference
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Barman, D., Nen, P., Mandal, S.C., Kumar, V., 2013. Immunostimulants for Aquaculture Health Management. <em>Journal of Marine Sciences: Research & Development</em> 3, 134.</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Ian, B., Roy, A.D., 2005. The use of immunostimulants in fish larval Aquaculture<em>. Fish and Shellfish Immunology</em> 19, 457-472.</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Jadhav, V.S., Khan, S.I., Girkar, M.M., Gitte, M.J., 2006. The role of immunostimulantsin fish and shrimp aquaculture. <em>Aquaculture Asia</em> 3, 24-27.</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Raa, J., 2016. The use of immunostimulatory substances in fish and shellfish farming. <em>Revision and Fisheries Scienc</em>e 4, 229-288.</span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px">Sakai, M., 1999. Current research status of fish immunostimulants. <em>Aquaculture</em> 172, 63-92.</span></p>
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