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<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:16px">Chemical weed control in agriculture has become a more popular method, because of its ease, efficiency and effectiveness in controlling weeds. In cropping situations, herbicides are applied by low pressure agricultural sprayers. Nozzle is a sprayer component, used to obtain the spray atomization. The nozzle, spray tip, multiple nozzle boom, pressure regulation and sprayer calibration are the essential components of any spray-application technology. Decision making and selection of nozzle is most important, as it should develop a desired spray pattern. Droplet size smaller than 150 microns poses a most serious drift hazard problem. The right nozzle for spraying produces desired spray pattern as well as reduces spray drift. Simultaneously, spray uniformity will be achieved at 50 to 100% overlapping of the nozzle spacing. The standard flat fan nozzles are recommended for broadcast application, likewise even flat fan nozzles are recommended for band-application. But, the floodjet and other nozzles are selected based on the product being used and spray pattern desired. The shape and accuracy of a spray pattern can become faulty over a time and nozzle should be replaced if the flow exceeds its factory rating by 10%. Nozzles wear rate is influenced by pesticide formulation, nozzle type, orifice material and capacity, and sprayer operating pressure. Ceramic, hardened-stainless steel, stainless steel or plastic-based nozzle tips are recommended over brass tips for prolonged usages. Hence, all the parameters including nozzle selection, droplet size, spray drift and nozzle set-up should be taken care-of to achieve effective herbicide application<span style="background-color:#dbe5f1"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span></p>

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<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>Chethan C.R.<sup>*</sup></strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur– 482004, India</em></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>Singh P.K.</strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur– 482004, India</em></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>Dubey R.P.</strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur– 482004, India</em></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>Subhash Chander</strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur– 482004, India</em></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><strong>Dibakar Ghosh</strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><em>ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur– 482004, India</em></span></p>

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Reference

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