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Evidence of ICTs Integration in Agricultural Extension Services, NA
Essential Laboratory Techniques of Plant Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Physiology, paid
ID 18 Integrated Farming Systems: A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Agriculture , NA
ID 25 Sustainable Rice Production: Research Perspectives on Water, Soil and Climate Resilience, NA
ID 24 Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges, NA
ID 27 Sustainable Livelihoods: Integrating agriculture with allied sectors for holistic rural development, NA
ID 26 Climate-Resilient Farming Practices: Adapting to climate change with innovative solutions, NA
ID 23 Terminalia arjuna Bark Powder: A Promising Feed Additive for Sustainable and Healthy Fish Production, NA
ID 22 Innovations in Aquaculture: Emerging Trends and Sustainable Practices, NA
ID 20 Sustainable Aquaculture: Concepts & Benefits, NA
ID 19 Innovations in Sustainable Aquaculture: Emerging Trends and Best Practices, NA
ID 28 Crop Defense Mechanisms: Insights into Biotic Stress Responses, NA
Cutting-Edge Research in Sericulture: Enhancing Productivity and Quality, free
Progress and Prospects in Cereal Crops Research, free
Aquaculture Reimagined: Modern Approaches to Sustainable Fish Farming, free
Integrated Pest Management: Advancement, Adoption and Ecological Challenges, free
Current Trends in the Diagnosis and Management of Plant Diseases, free
ID 17 Fruits & Plantation Crops Production and Management, NA
ID 16 Field Crops Production & Management, NA
ID 15 Modern Poultry Science: Integrating Genetics, Nutrition and Management, NA
ID 10 Cereal Diseases: Advanced Approaches for Diagnosis and Management, NA
ID 11 Integrative Mulberry Research: Genetics, Cultivation and Economic Potential, NA
ID 12 Next-Generation Smart Farming: AI Applications and Technological Advancements, NA
Enhancing Crop Resilience: Advances in Climate Smart Crop Production Technologies, free
ID 09 Biotechnological and Molecular Approaches in the Management of Biotic Stress in Plants, NA
ID 07 Integrated Pest Management: Advancement, Adoption and Ecological Challenges, NA
ID 08 New Dimensions in Molecular Entomology, NA
ID 05 Cutting-Edge Research in Sericulture: Enhancing Productivity and Quality, free
ID 04 Progress and Prospects in Oilseed Crops Research, free
ID 03 Progress and Prospects in Pulse Crop Research, free
ID 02 Progress and Prospects in Cereal Crops Research, free
Diseases of Pulses Crops and their Management Approaches, NA
A Hand Book of Aromatic and Essential Oil Yielding Plants of Eastern Uttar Pradesh: Botany, Essential Oil Chemistry and Medicinal Value, NA
Manual on Detection and Diagnosis of Plant Diseases , NA
Current Trends in Plant Health Management, paid
A Practical Manual on Soil, Water and Plant Analysis, paid
BeeKeeping: A Venture for Entrepreneurship, paid
Chapter Name
Author Name
DOI No.
Abstract Content
A pheromone is a chemical or a mixture of chemicals emitted by an organism that triggers specific reactions in another individual of the same species (Shorey, 1977). Semiochemicals, which include pheromones and allelochemicals, serve as markers or signals to convey information between individuals of the same species or different species. Allelochemicals can be classified based on their effects: kairomones (beneficial to the receiver), synomones (beneficial to both the emitter and the receiver), allomones (beneficial to the emitter) and apneumones (of nonbiological origin). Recent advancements in pheromone technology include eco-friendly delivery systems, electrochemical detection and innovative applications. For example, Chen et al. (2018) developed a controlled-release system using sex pheromone-loaded MPEG-PCL diblock copolymer micelles for Spodoptera litura. Researchers are also exploring nanocomposites and polymers to prolong the release of volatile organic compounds for pest and disease control. Stipanovic et al. (2004) studied micrometer-sized particles for controlled release of insect pheromones, using codlemone/1-dodecanol and disparlure/1,2-epoxyoctadecane as model compounds. Molecular gels are being investigated for their potential in creating efficient controlled-release devices for pheromones, offering high loading capacity and sustained release (Jadhav et al., 2010). Additionally, Hellmann et al. (2009) developed pheromone-releasing nanofibers for plant protection using electrospinning of polyamide, which provide extended release over weeks or months. For detecting and characterizing insect pheromones, various novel methods are available, such as Gas Chromatography (GC), Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS), Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI), Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Electroantennogram Detection (GC-EAD). Behavioral studies of insects can be conducted using wind tunnels and olfactometer bioassays to test essential oils against pests like Helopeltis theivora. This chapter will explore the detection and quantification of pheromones, along with modern equipment, biosensors and other recent developments in pheromone technology.
How to Cite
Gogoi, J., Ningthoujam, K., Pathak, M., Meetei, N.T., Sorokhaibam, M., 2025. Latest improvements in insect pheromonal research, method and protocols. In: Integrated Pest Management: Advancement, Adoption and Ecological Challenges. (Ed.) Sehgal, M. Biotica Publications, India. pp. 25-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54083/978-81-986377-3-4_03.
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