Abstract

Aquaculture, a critical sector for food security and sustainable livelihoods, has historically been male-dominated. However, the roles and contributions of women in aquaculture are increasingly recognized as indispensable to industry growth, economic development and ecosystem sustainability. This chapter explores the evolving participation of women across the aquaculture value chain, from production to processing and highlights their contributions to economic growth, environmental sustainability and community resilience, particularly in rural and coastal regions. It also examines the challenges women face, such as limited access to resources, gender bias and inadequate training, which constrain their ability to achieve greater economic and social empowerment. Through case studies from diverse countries, including Bangladesh, India and Tanzania, the chapter illustrates how women are driving transformative change in aquaculture through innovative practices, sustainable farming techniques and collective action. State to led initiatives and policies that support women’s involvement in fisheries and aquaculture are also reviewed, highlighting the need for gender-inclusive policies, resource access and capacity-building programs. This chapter examines the essential role of women in aquaculture, the challenges they encounter and their contributions to positive change, beside also features success stories from diverse regions mainly emphasizing the economic, social and environmental benefits of their efforts. Lastly it concludes by calling for stronger institutional and policy support to unlock the full potential of women in the sector, making way for a more inclusive and sustainable future in aquaculture.