Abstract

Applications of genetics and biotechnology to improve aquaculture have increased dramatically in recent years. Research in fisheries encompasses study of evolution, biology, metabolic processes, population structure, aquatic ecology, disease management, bringing out desirable qualities in fish that benefit people, conservation biology, among other topics. Much advancement in biotechnological applications, including molecular markers, disease diagnostic kits, fish vaccines, biomarkers and stem cell procedures, have been made in recent decades. In the fields of biological, agricultural and industrial sciences, biotechnology has long been a patronage. Biotechnological applications are used in many different domains, such as waste management, energy production, bioremediation, diagnostics and medicines. It has been successful in changing the landscape of fisheries with the introduction of cutting-edge cellular, molecular and genetic technologies. The industry is expanding more quickly than it has ever done, eschewing the slower and more economically draining traditional methods in favour of biotechnology. In addition to creating jobs for the nation's constantly expanding workforce, the fishing industry has enormous potential to propel the economy into new heights. The use of biotechnology to improve aquaculture productivity through genetic engineering, selective breeding, disease control and the creation of bio-based diets has been a prominent view in recent years. It talks about how molecular methods like CRISPR are being applied to enhance disease resistance, boost growth rates and improve fish genetics. It also looks into how immune-stimulants, probiotics and vaccinations can improve health in farmed animals and lessen the need for antibiotics.